Kelly Criterion for Sports Betting
Complete Guide to Optimal Bet Sizing

Learn how to use the Kelly Criterion to optimize your bet sizing, maximize long-term profits, and manage risk effectively in sports betting.

January 20, 2024
6 min read
Bankroll Management

What is the Kelly Criterion?

The Kelly Criterion is a mathematical formula developed by John Kelly in 1956 that determines the optimal bet size to maximize long-term growth while minimizing risk. In sports betting, it tells you exactly how much of your bankroll to wager based on your edge and the odds offered.

Why Kelly Criterion Matters

Without proper bet sizing: You might have +EV bets but still lose money by betting too much or too little. The Kelly Criterion solves this by calculating the mathematically optimal bet size for maximum long-term growth.

Think of Kelly as your "bet sizing GPS" - it guides you to the perfect bet amount that maximizes profit while keeping your bankroll safe from ruin. It's especially powerful when combined with positive expected value betting.

The Kelly Criterion Formula

The Formula

Kelly % = (bp - q) / b
b = Decimal odds - 1 (e.g., +150 = 2.5 - 1 = 1.5)
p = True probability of winning (e.g., 65% = 0.65)
q = 1 - p (probability of losing = 0.35)
Kelly % = Percentage of bankroll to bet

Kelly > 0

Positive edge - bet this percentage of your bankroll

Kelly ≤ 0

No edge or negative edge - don't bet

Fractional Kelly

Bet 25-50% of Kelly recommendation for safety

Real Example

Bankroll:$1,000
Odds:+150 (b = 1.5)
True Probability:65% (p = 0.65)
Lose Probability:35% (q = 0.35)
Calculation:(1.5 × 0.65 - 0.35) / 1.5
Kelly %:43.3%
Bet Amount:$433

Note: This is full Kelly. Most bettors use 25-50% of this amount for safety.

Full Kelly vs Fractional Kelly: Which Should You Use?

While the Kelly Criterion gives you the mathematically optimal bet size, most successful bettors use fractional Kelly for practical reasons:

Full Kelly Risks

High volatility - large swings in bankroll

Requires perfect probability estimates

Can lead to ruin with estimation errors

Emotionally difficult to handle losses

Fractional Kelly Benefits

Reduced volatility and smoother growth

More forgiving of probability errors

Easier to stick to long-term

Still captures most of Kelly's benefits

Recommended Fractional Kelly Levels

Conservative

25% Kelly
Lowest risk, steady growth

Moderate

50% Kelly
Balanced risk/reward

Aggressive

75% Kelly
Higher growth, more risk

Common Kelly Criterion Mistakes to Avoid

Mistake #1: Overestimating Edge

Being too optimistic about your probability estimates leads to oversized bets and potential ruin.

Mistake #2: Using Full Kelly

Full Kelly is too aggressive for most bettors. Use fractional Kelly (25-50%) for safety.

Mistake #3: Ignoring Correlation

Betting multiple correlated games at full Kelly can lead to overexposure and increased risk.

Mistake #4: Not Adjusting for Bankroll

Kelly assumes you can bet any amount. In reality, you need to consider minimum bet sizes and bankroll constraints.

Mistake #5: Emotional Betting

Letting emotions override Kelly calculations leads to poor bet sizing decisions and losses.

Mistake #6: Not Tracking Results

Without tracking your Kelly bets and results, you can't improve your probability estimates over time.

Try Our Kelly Criterion Calculator

Ready to start using Kelly Criterion for your bets? Our odds calculator includes Kelly sizing recommendations, or you can use our automated EV Picks tool that calculates optimal bet sizes for every opportunity.

Automated Kelly Sizing

Our AI-powered platform automatically calculates Kelly Criterion recommendations for every +EV pick, taking the guesswork out of bet sizing.

Continue Your Learning Journey

Ready to Apply Kelly Criterion to Your Betting?

Join thousands of successful bettors who use our AI-powered platform to automatically calculate Kelly sizing for every +EV opportunity, taking the guesswork out of bet sizing.

Complete Your Betting Toolkit